Which tracking technology fits your reusable assets?
Rotion is hardware-agnostic: QR and phones, passive RFID portals, BLE gateways or parent-child trackers, matched to each flow's budget and accuracy.
Last updated: 2 October 2026
Rotion is hardware-agnostic. The same platform runs on printed QR codes scanned with ordinary phones, on passive RFID read by dock-door portals, and on BLE tags picked up by gateways or parent trackers. We pick the technology per flow, based on budget, the accuracy the flow needs, and the scanning moments that already exist. Rotion does not sell tags, so the advice follows your operation, not a hardware margin.
What does hardware-agnostic mean in Rotion?
Hardware-agnostic means Rotion records custody the same way whatever produced the read: a phone scan, a handheld trigger, an RFID portal, or a BLE gateway. Every read becomes the same custody event, matched to the partner, the order, and the expected return. Changing the technology on one flow later does not change the record, the reports, or the integrations.
That is why mixed fleets are normal in Rotion. A producer can run QR codes on crates that pass through partner hands, passive RFID on the same crates at its own busiest dock, and BLE child tags on roller cages that need a location between scans. One asset can carry more than one carrier, and every read lands in the same digital packaging passport.
How do QR, RFID, BLE, and GPS trackers compare?
The technologies differ in cost per asset, in what has to be installed, and in whether a person has to be present for the read. The table gives indicative 2026 cost bands per asset; fleets end up mixed, so we map your flows against this table before anything gets bought.
| Carrier | Cost per asset (indicative, 2026) | How it is read | Infrastructure | Battery | Where it earns its keep |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| QR code | €0.05 to €0.15 | Phone camera or handheld | None | None | Partner handovers, deposit flows, low-value assets |
| Passive RFID | €0.10 to €0.50 | Dock-door portal, handheld, or tunnel, in bulk | Readers at the doors you choose | None | High-volume dock flows on your own sites |
| Active RFID | €10 to €25 | Fixed gateways | Gateway network | 2 to 5 years | High-value assets on known sites |
| BLE tag | €5 to €15 | Gateways or phones | About one gateway per zone | 2 to 5 years | Indoor sites and yards |
| BLE child tag | €5 to €15 | Relayed by nearby parent trackers | None, parents act as the gateway | About 5 years | Bulk RTIs that need a location between scans |
| Parent tracker (LTE and GPS) | €60 to €150 plus data | Cellular, with a GPS position | None, mounted on assets | 5 to 8 years | About one in ten assets, as mobile gateways |
Existing barcodes and EPC-encoded RFID tags map in as identifiers as well, so a fleet that already carries labels rarely needs relabeling to start. See how assets are identified.
Which technology fits which flow?
The flow decides the technology, not the asset type. Start from the moments where custody changes hands and ask who is present at that moment and how many assets pass at once.
| Flow | Typical technology | Why |
|---|---|---|
| Partner and customer handovers | QR and the scan app | A person already handles the asset; phones cost nothing extra |
| High-volume dock doors | Passive RFID portals | Whole pallets read as they pass, without anyone scanning |
| Yard and site visibility | BLE with gateways | Continuous presence on your own sites without a scan |
| Location across the network | Parent-child BLE and GPS | Near-real-time location without a GPS tracker on every asset |
| High-value specialised assets | Active tracking | The asset value justifies a battery-powered tag |
Most fleets start with QR codes on every flow, measure where assets leak, and add RFID or BLE only on the flows where the loss data justifies it. The five-stage reuse loop shows where those handover moments sit.
How do budget, accuracy, and scanning moments change the choice?
Three questions settle most decisions. First, budget per asset: a crate worth a few euros carries a printed code, a roller cage or IBC can justify a tag. Second, accuracy: a deposit settlement needs a confirmed handover, a fleet-sizing question can live with a location that is minutes old. Third, scanning moments: where someone already handles the asset, a phone scan is free; where nobody does, a portal or gateway does the reading.
The limits are as important as the strengths:
- QR codes need line of sight and a person. There are no bulk reads through a dock door.
- Passive RFID reads stop at the reader. Metal and liquids detune cheap labels, and every portal is an investment per door.
- BLE and active RFID cover only the zones your gateways cover. Tags need a battery replacement program.
- Parent-child tracking places a child tag by the parents near it, so precision and freshness depend on how many parents are around.
What else can run on the same record?
Four capabilities sit around the scan and use the same custody record, whichever carrier you choose:
- AI camera counting: count assets that carry no label from one phone photo, checked against the order.
- Geofencing: zones around depots, customers and partners that record arrivals, departures and dwell time, and start follow-ups.
- e-CMR: the consignment note signed on the phone at the handover, updating custody in the same step.
- Customer QR pickups and reorders: customers scan an empty asset to request a pickup or reorder, in the browser.
Do we have to choose one technology for the whole fleet?
No. Rotion treats every carrier as another way to produce the same custody event, so one fleet can run several technologies at once and change them per flow over time. A common path is QR codes everywhere first, then RFID portals at the one or two docks with the highest volume, then BLE on the asset type that disappears between scans.
Because Rotion does not sell tags, the recommendation comes from live deployments, label tests, and your own loss data, and the hardware is sourced to fit. Your data stays yours and exportable whichever carriers you use. See how Rotion integrates with your systems.
Not sure which technology fits your flows?
How are reusable assets identified?
Rotion identifies reusable assets with QR codes, barcodes, RFID, or combinations, using GS1-compliant asset IDs. Existing labels and scanners are reused.
Asset-level vs balance-level tracking
Balance-level tracking keeps per-partner exchange balances; asset-level tracking keeps serialized per-item history. Rotion runs both in one system.